Correctly recognize, understand, learn and take advantage of psychological effects, the daily lives of the people, work has a very important role and significance.
1. the birdcage logic
Hanging a beautiful birdcage in the room's most prominent place, and in a few days, the owner will make one of the following two options: throw out the cage, or buy a bird back in the cage. This is the birdcage logic. Process is very simple, imagine you are the owner of the room, as long as someone walked into the room to see the birdcage, can't help but ask you: "bird? is dead?" When you answer: "I have never been breeding birds. "People will ask:" so, you want a birdcage do? " Finally you have the choice of the two alternative, because this is endless explain much easier. Birdcage logic for one simple reason: most of the time people were taken to the inertia of thinking. So visible in living and working in how important it is to develop logical thinking.
2. the broken window effect
Psychological research on the phenomenon called the "broken window" effect, that is, a House if the window is broken, and no one to patch, before long, the other Windows will be strange being broken; Side wall, if there is no cleaning out some graffiti, soon, the wall is covered with a mess, offensive things. A very clean place, one would hesitate to throw garbage, but once the ground have garbage occurs, the person will not shrink from the cast, with absolutely no shame. It was a very strange phenomenon.
Psychologists study is the "tipping point", on the ground should have more dirty, people will think anyway so dirty, dirty bit does not matter, what the extent to which you want to bad, people will be killed inside and let it rot through.
No bad thing, if you do not have to stop off at the beginning, the formation of habits, read also read off, just like the River, a small gap is not repaired, you can collapse of dam, causing the loss of millions of times.
Crime is actually the result of the disorder, the New York City in the 1980s, it was everywhere, no, not kill, broad daylight walking in the street would be afraid. To say nothing of the subway, train and dirty, full of multicoloured dirty words, sitting in the subway, feel insecure. Although I have not stolen, but there are professors were people in broad daylight, struck a note of SAP, eye, ended his research career, makes me for many years on the Tiger color, do not dare to meet in New York alone. A recent New York City and city reputation improves a lot, I am quite surprised that a downward city, could raise up the dead.
Therefore, when I go out for a meeting, came across a bit criminologists, happened to him at once, the original New York City used the past books speak broken window theory, the effect of improving the environmental crimes, making it difficult to crime, then slowly assailants catch stolen, return to the order.
Although this practice was criticized as cleverly, "ship to sink it in the wash deck", but the New York City or from maintaining the subway car clean hands, and will not buy the tickets just a car using a handcuffed live line up columns stand on the platform, open to the public declaration of commitment of the Government to rectify and found very effective.
Police found people really compare will not be in a clean place, also found that grab free riders are harvested, because every seven free riders who have a wanted man, 20 in a carrying weapons, so the police are willing to seriously go and grab free riders, making criminals don't dare dare not go out free riders, with arms, in order to gain and lose a lot. This New York City, from the smallest and easiest place to break the criminal ring junction (chain), this vicious cycle is unable to continue.
3. liability of dispersion effect
March 13, 1964 and night 3, in the United States before an apartment in New York suburb, one called Juno than white young woman at the end of the bar work was assassinated on his way home. When she desperately shouted: "someone to kill! help! help!" Hear shouts, nearby residents lit a lamp, opened the window, the killer and frightened. When everything is calm and returns after the killer. When she shouted, nearby residents and turned on the light, the murderer escaped again. When she thought had nothing, to return to their home on the floor, the killer again appears in front of her, she killed in stair. In this process, although she cried for help, neighbour in at least 38 to Windows watching, but no-one to save her, even without a person to call the police. This caused a stir in the New York community, have given rise to social psychology workers of attention and consideration. People take that many observers see death does not save the phenomenon known as decentralized responsibility.
For liability reasons of dispersion effects in formation, psychologist has done a lot of experiments and investigation results found: this phenomenon cannot simply say that is the cold, or moral turpitude is growing. Because in different occasions, people's assistance Act are indeed different. When a person is an emergency situation, if only he can help, he will clearly aware of their responsibility to help the victims. If he saw nothing to save produces guilt, guilt, and the need to pay a high price of psychology. But if many people present, help those who ask for help from people to share, resulting in a decentralized responsibility, shared responsibility, the spectators could even his own share of responsibility also doesn't realize, resulting in a "I'm not going to rescue from others to save" mental, "collective indifference" situation. How to break this situation, this is a psychologist is an important topic of research.
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